English learners often encounter words that sound alike or are related in meaning, yet serve different functions in sentences. One classic example is complaint vs complain. These two terms are commonly used in both spoken and written English, especially when expressing dissatisfaction or discomfort. However, knowing when and how to use each one correctly can significantly improve communication. Despite their close connection, complaint and complain belong to different parts of speech and cannot be used interchangeably. Understanding their differences in meaning, usage, and grammar is essential for clarity and accuracy in expression.
Definition and Word Type
What Does Complain Mean?
Complain is averb. It means to express dissatisfaction, annoyance, or a feeling that something is wrong or unfair. When someone complains, they are actively stating that something is not right. This action can be verbal or written, formal or informal. The act of complaining may be about anything from bad service at a restaurant to a policy at work.
Examples of complain in a sentence:
- She complained about the noise next door.
- He always complains when the weather is too hot.
- We complained to the hotel staff about the broken air conditioner.
What Does Complaint Mean?
Complaint is anoun. It refers to the statement or expression of dissatisfaction itself. In other words, a complaint is the result of someone who has complained. It can also refer to a formal notice, such as a legal complaint or a written concern submitted to a company or authority.
Examples of complaint in a sentence:
- The manager received several complaints about the poor customer service.
- She filed a complaint with the HR department.
- Your complaint has been noted and will be addressed shortly.
Main Differences Between Complaint and Complain
Even though these two words come from the same root, they function differently in sentences. Knowing their grammatical role is key to using them correctly. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences between complaint and complain.
1. Part of Speech
- Complain Verb (an action word)
- Complaint Noun (a thing, idea, or expression)
2. Sentence Position
Since complain is a verb, it usually follows a subject and sometimes takes an object.
Example:Theycomplainabout the cold weather every winter.
Complaint as a noun often comes after topics like a or the, or after possessive words like his, her, or our.
Example:We receiveda complaintfrom the client.
3. Usage in Formal vs Informal Contexts
Both words can be used in formal and informal contexts, but complaint is more common in professional or legal settings. For example, filing a complaint is a standard legal or administrative action. On the other hand, complain is more often used in day-to-day spoken language.
Common Expressions and Phrases
Phrases Using Complain
- Complain bitterly
- Complain constantly
- Complain loudly
- Complain to someone about something
Examples:
- He complained bitterly about the delay.
- She complained to the manager about the rude staff.
Phrases Using Complaint
- File a complaint
- Make a complaint
- Receive a complaint
- Formal complaint
- Customer complaint
Examples:
- They filed a formal complaint with the council.
- We received a complaint about excessive noise.
Tips to Avoid Confusion
If you’re unsure which word to use, ask yourself whether you are talking about theactionof expressing dissatisfaction (use complain) or thethingthat expresses it (use complaint).
Use Complain When:
- You want to describe what someone is doing.
- You need an action word in your sentence.
- The sentence requires a verb to complete its meaning.
Use Complaint When:
- You are referring to the actual statement or issue being raised.
- You want to mention the subject of dissatisfaction itself.
- You need a noun to fit the grammar of the sentence.
Grammar Tip: Tense and Subject Agreement
Since complain is a verb, it changes form depending on the subject and tense:
- Present: I complain, she complains
- Past: They complained
- Future: He will complain
Complaint, as a noun, does not change form in this way:
- One complaint
- Many complaints
Frequently Confused Sentences
Let’s take a look at some commonly confused examples and correct them.
- Incorrect: She made a complain about the food.
- Correct: She made a complaint about the food.
- Incorrect: He complaint every day about his job.
- Correct: He complains every day about his job.
Why This Difference Matters
Understanding the difference between complaint and complain helps ensure that your messages are clear and grammatically correct. Whether you’re writing an email, speaking in a meeting, or submitting feedback to a company, choosing the right word will help your audience understand your intentions.
In business communication, using the wrong form can lead to confusion or make your message sound less professional. In everyday conversation, it might not cause major problems, but using the correct form will still help you sound more fluent and confident.
Complaint vs Complain in Everyday English
Mastering the difference between complaint and complain is a small but important step toward improving your English skills. Complain is the action you take when you’re unhappy about something, while complaint is the noun form that describes the statement or issue raised. With practice, you’ll become more comfortable using both words naturally. Whether you’re expressing frustration, giving feedback, or discussing someone else’s concerns, using these terms correctly will help you speak and write with greater precision and professionalism.